Change Processes

Design or Manage? The One Mistake We Make in Both Our Lives and Our Businesses.

We spend years optimizing what already exists. In our companies, we call it "continuous improvement" or "change management." In our personal lives, we call it "being realistic." But in both cases, we risk making the same fundamental error: we manage the past instead of designing the future.

The Mistake Most of Us Make: Thinking from the Bottom Up

Most planning and change initiatives, whether personal or professional, follow a familiar pattern. They start with what is tangible and known.

In Our Personal Lives: The Trap of Life Management

We look at our lives and see: Where do we live, and who are we surrounded by? (Environment). How do we act to meet the expectations of others or follow our own habits? (Behavior). What skills have we acquired over the years? (Capabilities).

From these circumstances, we often unconsciously derive our values and beliefs—mostly adopted from our upbringing and social circles. This forges an identity ("That's just the way I am"), and based on this identity, we set goals that fit. Goals that perpetuate the existing system but rarely challenge it.

This isn’t shaping your life. It's efficient life management. You're optimizing a system you never consciously designed.

In Our Businesses: The Cult of Incrementalism

In organizations, the pattern is identical. We analyze the status quo: our markets, our offices, our IT systems (Environment). We audit our processes and workflows (Behavior). We create competency matrices (Capabilities). Based on this analysis, we set "realistic" quarterly and annual goals.

The deeper levels, like values and identity? They often become little more than interchangeable slogans on the "About Us" page, disconnected from daily reality. The result isn't change; it's the continuation of the status quo in small, manageable steps.

This isn’t transformation. It's incrementalism. You're just polishing the present, hoping it will be good enough for the future.

The Dilts Pyramid: A Path to Real Change

The Logical Levels model, developed by Robert Dilts, powerfully illustrates why this bottom-up approach is doomed to fail when aiming for genuine, profound change. It reveals that the most powerful levers for transformation are at the top of the pyramid, not the bottom.

The levels build on one another:

  • Purpose & Vision: The fundamental question of "why." What higher purpose does everything we do serve?
  • Identity: Who are we—as a person or an organization—when we follow this purpose?
  • Values & Beliefs: What is non-negotiably important to us on this path? What do we believe in?
  • Capabilities: What skills do we need to live our values and embody our identity?
  • Behavior: What specific actions does this require in our daily lives?
  • Environment: What surroundings (tools, people, places) support this behavior?

Anyone who initiates change only on the lower levels (Environment, Behavior, Capabilities) without addressing the upper levels will only create superficial adjustments. These adjustments will quickly be rejected by the "immune system" of the organization or one's own personality.

The Courageous Path: From Vision to Action (Top-Down)

True transformation, whether personal or organizational, begins at the top. It deliberately reverses the order.

  1. Purpose & Vision: It starts with a radical, almost naive question: Who or what do we TRULY want to be? Entirely independent of where we are today or what seems "realistic."
  2. Identity: This vision defines our new identity: Who do we need to become to achieve this goal? A bold innovator? A reliable service provider? An inspiring free spirit?
  3. Values & Beliefs: Only now do we examine our moral compass. Which of our current beliefs will help us on this path? And—more importantly—what old, limiting beliefs must we actively discard?
  4. Capabilities: With this clarity about the "who" and "why," we look at our skills. We recognize what we can already do and systematically deduce what we still need to learn and develop.
  5. Behavior: From this, the necessary actions emerge almost automatically. Our behavior is no longer reactive but a conscious consequence of our vision.
  6. Environment: And finally, we actively shape our surroundings to support us, not hold us back. We choose the right tools, the right partners, and the right environment.

Archaeologists of the Past or Architects of the Future?

In the end, it comes down to a fundamental choice. The bottom-up approach is the path of the archaeologist. They excavate the existing, analyze it, polish it, and place it in a display case. It is a safe path, based on what is already there. It preserves, but it does not create.

The top-down approach is the path of the architect. They begin with a vision on a blank sheet of paper. They design a bold new structure, unconstrained by the ruins of the past.

Yes, this architectural path requires courage. It can be painful, demanding that we let go of cherished certainties and old identities. But it's the only path that leads not to an improved yesterday, but to an intentional new tomorrow.

The Change Curve: Why Transformation Is an Emotional Process – Even in Business

Processes are optimized, new software is introduced, departments are restructured – organizational change is often rationally planned. Yet its success rarely depends solely on logic and strategy. It is ultimately decided by how people react to change. And this reaction follows a surprisingly predictable emotional pattern: the Change Curve.

A Model from Psychology – with Direct Relevance for Your Business

Did you know that one of the most well-known models in change management has its roots in psychological research?
In the 1960s, psychiatrist Elisabeth Kübler-Ross described the stages people go through when confronted with the inevitable – the process of dying.

What may sound far removed from everyday business reality is, in fact, a profound insight: people experience similar emotional phases whenever they face deep, externally driven change.
Whether it’s a strategic shift, the introduction of agile methods, or a team merger – the emotional journey from resistance to acceptance is universal.

The Phases of Change – A Map for Leaders

The Change Curve acts like a map that provides orientation in the often-confusing dynamics of transformation. It makes visible where a team or individual currently stands:

  1. Shock & Denial: The first reaction to change. (“This can’t be true.” / “That won’t affect us.”)

  2. Resistance & Anger: Active or passive opposition. Rational arguments rarely help, as emotions dominate. (“This will never work.” / “Who came up with this idea?”)

  3. The Valley of Tears: The emotional low point – and the turning point. Letting go of the old becomes painfully real. Productivity drops, uncertainty peaks.

  4. Experimentation & Acceptance: The focus slowly shifts forward. New approaches are tested, and early successes emerge.

  5. Integration & Commitment: The new reality is established. The change is not only understood but actively supported and further developed.

From Awareness to Action: The Curve as a Leadership Tool

Understanding these phases is the foundation for consciously shaping change. This connects directly to my Transformation-in-the-loop approach:
The curve shows where structured loops of reflection, adjustment, and reconnection are essential.

  • When shock prevails, CLARITY is key:
    People need clear, honest, and repeated communication. The goal is to restore orientation and a sense of control.

  • When resistance arises, INVOLVEMENT matters:
    This is the time for dialogue. Concerns must be heard, questions answered, and participation enabled. Simply pushing plans through only fuels further resistance.

  • In the valley of tears, SPACE FOR REFLECTION is essential:
    Leaders are needed as emotional anchors and perspective-givers. This is the moment to reaffirm the why behind the change and provide reassurance that the team will move through the low point together.

The Core Insight: Taking Responsibility

The phases of the Change Curve are not a fate to be endured. They are a tool for self-reflection and conscious leadership.
Recognizing where you or your team currently stand is the foundation for effective leadership in times of change. It enables you not only to take responsibility yourself but also to create the right conditions for others to act – and to co-shape the transformation.

That’s why the Change Curve is also known as the Responsibility Curve.
We cannot prevent the emotional waves of change – but we can learn to ride them with confidence.